Vicksburg — River Fortress of the Confederacy
Three hours south of Memphis, high on the bluffs above a great bend of the Mississippi, Vicksburg was the fortress that Abraham Lincoln called the key — 'the war can never be brought to a close until that key is in our pocket.' Its surrender to Ulysses S. Grant on July 4, 1863, after a brutal 47-day siege, split the Confederacy in two and, together with Gettysburg the day before, marked the turning point of the Civil War. This three-day journey gives Vicksburg the time it deserves: Day one on the sprawling National Military Park and aboard the astonishing ironclad gunboat USS Cairo, raised from the river bottom a century after it sank; Day two among the antebellum mansions that survived the siege — Anchuca, Cedar Grove with a cannonball still lodged in its parlor wall — and the commanding Old Court House Museum; Day three at the Lower Mississippi River Museum and the celebrated floodwall murals before the drive back north. Two nights in Vicksburg let the layered history sink in.